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1.Lithium iron phosphate battery
1-1. What is the lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery?
Most lithium batteries (Li-ion) used in consumer electronics products are lithium cobalt oxide(LiCoO2) batteries、Lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4) and lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO2). The cathodes of lithium batteries are made with the above materials, and the anodes are generally made of carbon. When substitutes the lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery (also designated "LFP") for above cathodes materials, the lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery was got.
1-2. lithium iron phosphates material
Li ion batteries have been used widely in electronic devices because of its high volumetric and specific energy、high plateau voltage、long cycles life、friendly environment etc advantages since 1990. Generally cathode active materials of these kinds of cell are LiCoO2(lithium cobalt dioxide) and its derivatives containing Ni(nickel)、Mn(manganese),as well as spinel LiMn2O4, these materials experience an oxidation of the transition metal from +3 to +4 valence with lithium ion deintercalation, the oxidation capability of positive electrode increases greatly and leads to oxidation of the electrolyte, which enhances the burning and explosion danger of the cells; on the other hand, the structure of these cathode material collapses under over charge and discharge state, which deteriorates its electrochemical performance; Fortunately, another completely different kind material LiFePO4(lithium iron phosphates) was synthesized for the first time in 1997, which attracts lots of people’ attention because of its superior cycle life and inherently more safety performance. Good electrochemical performance benefit from its Olivine-structure (Fig.1.), which is a very stable structure, the covalent P-O bond stabilizes the fully charged cathode versus O2 release.
1-3. The lithium iron phosphate battery is safer than traditional Li-ion battery, Why?
LiFePO4 or C-LiFePO4 is an intrinsically safer cathode material than LiCoO2 and manganese spinel. its olive structure changes slightly even under over charge condition; The lower +3 valence state in the charge cathode prevents oxygen release and no thermal runway, consequently, no oxygen evolution appears upon heating, no thermal runway under abusive conditions. After assembled with carbon anode and liquid electrolyte, the system has the lowest intrinsic heat content per ampere hour of any known lithium ion system.
1-4. Advantages of Power LiFePO4 battery
(1) More power deliver (high charge and discharge current, discharge at 1C continuous, 3C pulse for normal cells);
(2) Wide operating temperature (-20~60℃), never explodes and remains stable even in 160℃;
(3) Good safety performance, its olive structure changes slightly even under over charge condition (3C/10V), no oxygen evolution appears upon heating, no thermal runway under abusive conditions.
(4) The cells with lithium iron phosphates cathode have long cycle life 、long application life. The capacity retains 93.7% of initial capacity after 1200 cycles at 0.5C/1C rate 100% DOD; when the temperature increases, more than 1000 full DOD cycles remain, which widens its application range.
(5) Totally environment-friendly (no lead or cadmium at all);
(6) LiFePo4 technology does not contain any heavy metals and does not exhibit the "memory effect" of Nickel-Cadmium (it can be recharged anytime, no reduction of the capacity);
(7)High gravimetric energy density(1/2 size/weight of acid batteries, 70% size/weight of NiMH/NiCd batteries).
1-5. Comparing LiFePO4 battery with other EV Batteries
Comparison data among various power batteries
battery |
LiMn2O4 |
LiCoO2 |
LiFePO4 |
Work voltage(V) |
3.7V |
3.2V |
3.2V |
Cycle life |
>500 |
500~1000 |
>2000 |
Gravimetric Power Density(wh/kg) |
90 |
70--120 |
70--120 |
Temperature Range |
Decay extremely fast over 50 C |
Decay beyond(-20C to 50C) |
Excellent
-20℃ to 65℃ |
Safety |
Acceptable |
Not Stable |
Safest |
Environmental Concern |
Acceptable |
Very Dangerous |
Most Environment-friendly |
There are four types of power cells. Although lithium cobalt oxide cell has the advantage of high energy density, it suffers from safety concerns. Lithium manganese oxide cell has been evaluated for the application on electric vehicles due to the better safety characteristics. However, its high temperature performance is the major drawback. As for lead acid battery, which is lower in cost and safety acceptable; however, with extremely toxic, worse for the environmental concern, short cycle life, heavy in weight.
While Lithium iron phosphate cell has the best safety characteristics, long cycle life (up to 2000 cycles) and good availability. It is very suitable for high discharge rate occasions such as EV (including e-bike, electric scooter, and electric car), power tools, UPS and solar energy system. According to different applications, Liberty can modify the design of battery pack to provide the best solution to satisfy our customers' needs. We sincerely hope to have chance to cooperate with our customers all over the world and contribute the latest world-wide technology to our customers prosperous business future.
2. Specifications
2-1. Parameter of Power LiFePO4 battery (cell)
Model |
Capacity
(mAh) |
Thickness
(mm) |
Width
(mm) |
Highness
(mm) |
Work voltage
(V) |
Impedance
(mΩ) |
Weight
(g) |
1385103FP |
6000 |
13 |
85 |
103 |
3.2 |
<10 |
<250 |
1090107FP |
6000 |
10 |
90 |
109 |
3.2 |
<10 |
<250 |
1398117FP |
8000 |
13 |
98 |
117 |
3.2 |
<9 |
<350 |
10151100FP |
8000 |
10 |
151 |
100 |
3.2 |
<9 |
<350 |
1790132FP |
10000 |
17 |
90 |
132 |
3.2 |
<7 |
<400 |
1290163FP |
10000 |
12 |
90 |
163 |
3.2 |
<7 |
<400 |
1382163FP |
10000 |
13 |
82 |
163 |
3.2 |
<7 |
<400 |
1495150FP |
12000 |
14 |
95 |
150 |
3.2 |
<6.5 |
<480 |
12120163FP |
12000 |
12 |
120 |
163 |
3.2 |
<6.5 |
<480 |
2082163FP |
17000 |
20 |
82 |
163 |
3.2 |
<6 |
<750 |
12160150FP |
17000 |
12 |
160 |
150 |
3.2 |
<6 |
<750 |
17138158FP |
20000 |
17 |
132 |
158 |
3.2 |
<5.5 |
<800 |
12160163FP |
20000 |
12 |
160 |
163 |
3.2 |
<5.5 |
<800 |
2570163FP |
20000 |
25 |
70 |
163 |
3.2 |
<5.5 |
<800 |
Can supply LiFePO4 battery based on clients’ requirements1Ah to 50Ah) |
2-2. LiFePO4 battery Packs series
L13100FP Lithium iron phosphate battery pack(13V10Ah) |
Model |
L13100FP |
Thickness*width*highness |
100mm × 100mm × 160mm |
Work voltage |
13V(4pcs) |
Standard capacity |
10Ah |
Normal discharge current |
5A |
Total resistance |
≤65mΩ |
Max discharge current |
15A |
Max charge voltage |
15.6V |
Min discharge voltage |
10V |
Charge method |
Constant Current/Constant Voltage(special charger) |
Weight |
<1.6Kg |
L13200FP Lithium iron phosphate battery pack (13V20Ah) |
Model |
L13200FP |
Thickness*width*highness |
100mm × 140mm × 175mm |
Work voltage |
13V(4pcs) |
Standard capacity |
20Ah |
Normal discharge current |
10A |
Total resistance |
≤65mΩ |
Max discharge current |
15A |
Max charge voltage |
15.6V |
Min discharge voltage |
10V |
Charge method |
Constant Current/Constant Voltage(Especial charger) |
Weight |
<3.2Kg |
L26100FP Lithium iron phosphate battery pack (26V10Ah) |
Model |
L26100FP |
Thickness*width*highness |
170mm ×100mm × 160mm |
Work voltage |
26V(8pcs) |
Standard capacity |
10Ah |
Normal discharge current |
5A |
Total resistance |
≤70mΩ |
Max discharge current |
25A |
Max charge voltage |
31.2V |
Min discharge voltage |
20V |
Charge method |
Constant Current/Constant Voltage(Especial charger) |
Weight |
<3.2Kg |
L36100FP Lithium iron phosphate battery pack (36V10Ah) |
Model |
L36100FP |
Thickness*width*highness |
210mm × 100mm × 160mm |
Work voltage |
36V(11pcs) |
Standard capacity |
10Ah |
Normal discharge current |
5A |
Total resistance |
≤90mΩ |
Max discharge current |
25A |
Max charge voltage |
42.9V |
Min discharge voltage |
27.5V |
Charge method |
Constant Current/Constant Voltage(Especial charger) |
Weight |
<4.4Kg |
L48100FP Lithium iron phosphate battery pack (48V10Ah) |
Model |
L48100FP |
Thickness*width*highness |
300mm × 100mm × 160mm |
Work voltage |
48V(15pcs) |
Standard capacity |
10Ah |
Normal discharge current |
5A |
Total resistance |
≤120mΩ |
Max discharge current |
25A |
Max charge voltage |
58.5V |
Min discharge voltage |
37.5V |
Charge method |
Constant Current/Constant Voltage(Especial charger) |
Weight |
<6Kg |
L48200FP Lithium iron phosphate battery pack (48V20Ah) |
Model |
L48200FP |
Thickness*width*highness |
300mm × 140mm × 175mm |
Work voltage |
48V(15pcs) |
Standard capacity |
20Ah |
Normal discharge current |
10A |
Total resistance |
≤95mΩ |
Max discharge current |
30A |
Max charge voltage |
58.5V |
Min discharge voltage |
37.5V |
Charge method |
Constant Current/Constant Voltage(Especial charger) |
Weight |
<12Kg |
3. Characteristics of Power LiFePO4 battery

Fig.1. Typical Charge-Discharge Curve At 0.2C Rate At 25℃

Fig.2. Typical Discharge Characteristics At different Rate At 25℃
Fig.1. is typical charge-discharge curve at 0.2C rate at 25℃, Fig.2. is typical discharge characteristics at different rate at 25℃;From the figures show that the battery has high plateau voltage, the plateau capacity is more than 90% total capacity; In addition, There is slight capacity loss at high discharge rate, which suggest our products can deliver high energy at high discharge rate.

Fig.3. Typical Discharge Curve At 0.2C Rate At different temperature
Fig.3. is typical discharge curve at 0.2C rate at different temperature, which suggests that our company products have wide operating temperature (-20~60℃), by the way, when the temperature arrives at 60℃, the discharge capacity increases almost 10%, while cycle life performance better than at room temperature, which is superior to LiMn2O4 battery.

Fig.4. Cycle Life Curve At 0.5C Rate At 25℃
Fig.4. is cycle life curve at 0.5C rate at 25℃, which tells us our products have long cycle life, discharge capacity retains more than 93.5% initial capacity (at 0.5Ccharge/1C discharge) after 1200 cycle times.

Fig.5. Overcharge Curve At 3C Rate In Potential Range Over 10V
Fig.5. is overcharge curve at 3C rate in potential range over 10V, the battery passed by the safety testing, no thermal runway、explosion and burning appeared.
4. Applications
- Electric Vehicles: electric car、electric bus etc;
- Electric Tools: electric bicycle、Electric Scooters etc;
- Electric model toy: electric car model, electric plane model etc;
- Solar energy storage devices;
- UPS、safety lamp etc;
- Substitute for primary cell in camera etc equipments;
- Portable electric apparatus.
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